The objects or "things" are embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity to enable it to exchange data with the manufacturer, operator and/or other connected devices based on the infrastructure.
Things, in the IoT, can refer to a wide variety of devices such as heart monitoring implants, biochip transponders on farm animals, electric clams in coastal waters, automobiles with built-in sensors, or field operation
devices that assist fire-fighters in search and rescue. These devices collect useful data with the help of various existing technologies and then autonomously flow the data between other devices.
Current market examples include smart thermostat systems and washer/dryers that utilize Wi-Fi for remote monitoring.
Besides the plethora of new application areas for Internet connected automation to expand into, IoT is also expected to generate large amounts of data from diverse locations that is
aggregated very quickly, thereby increasing the need to better index, store and process such data.
The IoT (Internet of Things) is a wide-ranging development that is driving a new economic order. IoT solutions are having a profound impact on the way business is conducted as companies,
large and small, are improving their competitive position and boosting profitability. The IoT is there to help drive this process.
It powers the seamless connection and integration between "things" and "apps" delivering operational efficiency, enhanced customer relations, insightful information based on
real-time data and the enablement of new business models.
The iot role in this new economic order is to facilitate the creation of applications and enable fast deployment and life cycle management of the solutions.
In a nutshell we mask the technology, so that our customers can focus on their core competence, which is knowledge of the information requirements of the market sector their solution
will serve.
Gli oggetti o "cose" sono integrati con elettronica, software, sensori e connettività per consentire lo scambio di dati con il produttore, l'operatore e/o altri dispositivi collegati basati sull'infrastruttura.
Le cose, nell'IoT, possono fare riferimento a un'ampia varietà di dispositivi come impianti di monitoraggio cardiaco, transponder biochip su animali da fattoria,
vongole elettriche nelle acque costiere, automobili con sensori incorporati o dispositivi operativi sul campo che assistono i vigili del fuoco nella ricerca e salvataggio.
Questi dispositivi raccolgono dati utili con l'aiuto di varie tecnologie esistenti e quindi trasferiscono autonomamente i dati tra altri dispositivi.
Gli attuali esempi di mercato includono sistemi di termostati intelligenti e lavatrici/asciugatrici che utilizzano il Wi-Fi per il monitoraggio remoto.
Oltre alla pletora di nuove aree di applicazione per l'automazione connessa a Internet in cui espandersi, l'IoT dovrebbe anche generare grandi quantità di dati da luoghi
diversi che vengono aggregati molto rapidamente, aumentando così la necessità di indicizzare, archiviare ed elaborare meglio tali dati.
L'IoT (Internet of Things) è uno sviluppo ad ampio raggio che sta guidando un nuovo ordine economico.
Le soluzioni IoT stanno avendo un impatto profondo sul modo in cui le aziende vengono condotte poiché le aziende, grandi e piccole, stanno migliorando la loro posizione competitiva e
aumentando la redditività. L'IoT è lì per aiutare a guidare questo processo. Alimenta la connessione e l'integrazione senza interruzioni tra "cose" e "app" offrendo efficienza
operativa, relazioni con i clienti migliorate, informazioni approfondite basate su dati in tempo reale e l'abilitazione di nuovi modelli di business.
Il ruolo di iot in questo nuovo ordine economico è quello di facilitare la creazione di applicazioni e consentire una rapida distribuzione e gestione del ciclo di vita delle soluzioni. In poche parole, mascheriamo la tecnologia,
in modo che i clienti possano concentrarsi sulle loro competenze principale e la conoscenza de del settore di mercato a cui si riferisce la loro soluzione.
According to Gartner, Inc. (a technology research and advisory corporation), there will be nearly 26 billion devices on the Internet of Things by 2020. ABI Research estimates that more than 30 billion devices will be wirelessly connected to the Internet of Things by 2020. As per a recent survey and study done by Pew Research Internet Project, a large majority of the technology experts and engaged Internet users who responded 83% agreed with the notion that the Internet/Cloud of Things, embedded and wearable computing (and the corresponding dynamic systems) will have widespread and beneficial effects by 2025. It is, as such, clear that the IoT will consist of a very large number of devices being connected to the Internet. In an active move to accommodate new and emerging technological innovation, the UK Government, in their 2015 budget, allocated £40,000,000 towards research into the Internet of Things. The Chancellor, Rt Hon George Osborne, posited that the Internet of Things is the next stage of the information revolution and referenced the inter-connectivity of everything from urban transport to medical devices to household appliances. Integration with the Internet implies that devices will utilize an IP address as a unique identifier. However, due to the limited address space of IPv4 (which allows for 4.3 billion unique addresses), objects in the IoT will have to use IPv6 to accommodate the extremely large address space required. Objects in the IoT will not only be devices with sensory capabilities, but also provide actuation capabilities (e.g., bulbs or locks controlled over the Internet). To a large extent, the future of the Internet of Things will not be possible without the support of IPv6; and consequently the global adoption of IPv6 in the coming years will be critical for the successful development of the IoT in the future. The ability to network embedded devices with limited CPU, memory and power resources means that IoT finds applications in nearly every field. Such systems could be in charge of collecting information in settings ranging from natural ecosystems to buildings and factories, thereby finding applications in fields of environmental sensing and urban planning. On the other hand, IoT systems could also be responsible for performing actions, not just sensing things. Intelligent shopping systems, for example, could monitor specific users' purchasing habits in a store by tracking their specific mobile phones. These users could then be provided with special offers on their favorite products, or even location of items that they need, which their fridge has automatically conveyed to the phone. Additional examples of sensing and actuating are reflected in applications that deal with heat, electricity and energy management, as well as cruise-assisting transportation systems. Another excellent application that the Internet of Things brings to the picture is home security solutions. Home automation is also a major step forward when it comes to applying IoT. All these advances add to the numerous list of IoT applications. Now with IoT, you can control the electrical devices installed in your house while you are sorting out your files in office. Your water will be warm as soon as you get up in the morning for the shower. All credit goes to smart devices which make up the smart home. Everything connected with the help of Internet. However, the application of the IoT is not only restricted to these areas. Other specialized use cases of the IoT may also exist. An overview of some of the most prominent application areas is provided here. Based on the application domain, IoT products can be classified broadly into five different categories: smart wearable, smart home, smart city, smart environment, and smart enterprise. The IoT products and solutions in each of these markets have different characteristics.
Secondo Gartner, Inc. (una società di consulenza e ricerca tecnologica), entro il 2020 ci saranno quasi 26 miliardi di dispositivi su Internet of Things. ABI La ricerca stima che entro il 2020 oltre 30 miliardi di dispositivi saranno connessi in modalità wireless all'Internet of Things. Secondo un recente sondaggio e studio condotto da Pew Research Internet Project, la grande maggioranza degli esperti di tecnologia e degli utenti Internet coinvolti che hanno risposto, l'83% è d'accordo con l'idea che Internet / Cloud of Things, il computing embedded e indossabile (e i corrispondenti sistemi dinamici) avranno effetti diffusi e benefici entro il 2025. È, in quanto tale, chiaro che l'IoT sarà costituito da un numero molto elevato di dispositivi essere connesso a Internet. In una mossa attiva per accogliere l'innovazione tecnologica nuova ed emergente, il governo del Regno Unito, nel budget 2015, ha stanziato 40 milioni di sterline per la ricerca sull'Internet degli oggetti. Il Cancelliere, Rt Hon George Osborne, ha ipotizzato che l'Internet of Things sia la fase successiva della rivoluzione dell'informazione e ha fatto riferimento all'interconnessione di tutto, dal trasporto urbano ai dispositivi medici agli elettrodomestici. L'integrazione con Internet implica che i dispositivi utilizzeranno un indirizzo IP come identificatore univoco. Tuttavia, a causa dello spazio degli indirizzi limitato di IPv4 (che consente 4,3 miliardi di indirizzi univoci), gli oggetti nell'IoT dovranno utilizzare IPv6 per ospitare lo spazio degli indirizzi estremamente ampio richiesto. Gli oggetti nell'IoT non saranno solo dispositivi con capacità sensoriali, ma forniranno anche capacità di attivazione (ad esempio lampadine o serrature controllate tramite Internet). In larga misura, il futuro dell'Internet of Things non sarà possibile senza il supporto di IPv6; e di conseguenza l'adozione globale di IPv6 nei prossimi anni sarà fondamentale per il successo dello sviluppo dell'IoT in futuro. La possibilità di collegare in rete dispositivi embedded con CPU, memoria e risorse energetiche limitate significa che IoT trova applicazioni in quasi tutti i campi. Tali sistemi potrebbero essere incaricati di raccogliere informazioni in contesti che vanno dagli ecosistemi naturali agli edifici e alle fabbriche, trovando così applicazioni nei campi del rilevamento ambientale e della pianificazione urbana. D'altra parte, i sistemi IoT potrebbero anche essere responsabili dell'esecuzione di azioni, non solo del rilevamento delle cose. I sistemi di acquisto intelligenti, ad esempio, potrebbero monitorare le abitudini di acquisto di utenti specifici in un negozio monitorando i loro telefoni cellulari specifici. A questi utenti potrebbero quindi essere fornite offerte speciali sui loro prodotti preferiti, o persino la posizione degli articoli di cui hanno bisogno, che il loro frigorifero ha automaticamente trasmesso al telefono. Ulteriori esempi di rilevamento e attivazione si riflettono in applicazioni che si occupano di gestione di calore, elettricità ed energia, nonché sistemi di trasporto a supporto della crociera. Un'altra eccellente applicazione che l'Internet of Things porta all'immagine sono le soluzioni per la sicurezza domestica. La domotica è anche un importante passo avanti quando si tratta di applicare l'IoT. Tutti questi progressi si aggiungono al numeroso elenco di applicazioni IoT. Ora con IoT puoi controllare i dispositivi elettrici installati in casa mentre stai sistemando i tuoi file in ufficio. La tua acqua sarà calda non appena ti alzi la mattina per la doccia. Tutto il merito va ai dispositivi intelligenti che compongono la casa intelligente. Tutto connesso con l'aiuto di Internet. Tuttavia, l'applicazione dell'IoT non è limitata solo a queste aree. Possono esistere anche altri casi d'uso specializzati dell'IoT. Qui viene fornita una panoramica di alcune delle aree di applicazione più importanti. In base al dominio dell'applicazione, i prodotti IoT possono essere classificati ampiamente in cinque diverse categorie: indossabile intelligente, casa intelligente, città intelligente, ambiente intelligente e impresa intelligente. I prodotti e le soluzioni IoT in ciascuno di questi mercati hanno caratteristiche diverse.
In order to hone into the manner in which the Internet of Things (IoT), the Media and Big Data are interconnected, it is first necessary to provide some context into the mechanism used for media process. It has been suggested by Nick Couldry and Joseph Turow that Practitioners in Media approach Big Data as many actionable points of information about millions of individuals. The industry appears to be moving away from the traditional approach of using specific media environments such as newspapers, magazines, or television shows and instead tap into consumers with technologies that reach targeted people at optimal times in optimal locations. The ultimate aim is of course to serve, or convey, a message or content that is (statistically speaking) in line with the consumer's mindset. For example, publishing environments are increasingly tailoring messages (advertisements) and content (articles) to appeal to consumers that have been exclusively gleaned through various data-mining activities. The media industries process Big Data in a dual, interconnected manner: Targeting of consumers (for advertising by marketers); Data-capture; Thus, the internet of things creates an opportunity to measure, collect and analyse an ever-increasing variety of behavioural statistics. Cross-correlation of this data could revolutionise the targeted marketing of products and services. For example, as noted by Danny Meadows-Klue, the combination of analytics for conversion tracking, with behavioural targeting and programmatic media has unlocked a new level of precision that enables display advertising to be focused on the devices of people with relevant interests. Big Data and the IoT work in conjunction. From a media perspective, Data is the key derivative of device inter connectivity, whilst being pivotal in allowing clearer accuracy in targeting. The Internet of Things therefore transforms the media industry, companies and even governments, opening up a new era of economic growth and competitiveness. The wealth of data generated by this industry (i.e. Big Data) will allow Practitioners in Advertising and Media to gain an elaborate layer on the present targeting mechanisms utilised by the industry.
Per affinare il modo in cui l'Internet delle cose (IoT), i media ei Big Data sono interconnessi, è prima necessario fornire un contesto nel meccanismo utilizzato per il processo multimediale. È stato suggerito da Nick Couldry e Joseph Turow che Practitioners in Media approcciano i Big Data come molti punti di informazione utilizzabili su milioni di individui. Sembra che l'industria si stia allontanando dall'approccio tradizionale di utilizzare ambienti mediatici specifici come giornali, riviste o programmi televisivi e invece attingere ai consumatori con tecnologie che raggiungono persone mirate in momenti ottimali in luoghi ottimali. L'obiettivo finale è ovviamente quello di servire, o trasmettere, un messaggio o un contenuto che sia (statisticamente parlando) in linea con la mentalità del consumatore. Ad esempio, gli ambienti di pubblicazione adattano sempre più messaggi (pubblicità) e contenuti (articoli) per attirare i consumatori che sono stati raccolti esclusivamente attraverso varie attività di data mining. Le industrie dei media elaborano i Big Data in un modo duplice e interconnesso: Targeting dei consumatori (per la pubblicità dei marketer); Raccolta dati; Pertanto, l'internet delle cose crea un'opportunità per misurare, raccogliere e analizzare una varietà sempre crescente di statistiche comportamentali. La correlazione incrociata di questi dati potrebbe rivoluzionare il marketing mirato di prodotti e servizi. Ad esempio, come notato da Danny Meadows-Klue, la combinazione di analisi per il monitoraggio delle conversioni, con targeting comportamentale e media programmatici ha sbloccato un nuovo livello di precisione che consente di focalizzare la pubblicità display sui dispositivi di persone con interessi rilevanti. Big Data e IoT lavorano insieme. Dal punto di vista dei media, i dati sono il derivato chiave dell'interconnettività dei dispositivi, pur essendo fondamentale per consentire una maggiore precisione nel targeting. L'Internet of Things trasforma quindi l'industria dei media, le aziende e persino i governi, aprendo una nuova era di crescita economica e competitività. La ricchezza di dati generati da questo settore (ovvero i Big Data) consentirà ai professionisti della pubblicità e dei media di acquisire uno strato elaborato sugli attuali meccanismi di targeting utilizzati dall'industria.
Environmental monitoring applications of the IoT typically utilize sensors to assist in environmental protection by monitoring air or water quality, atmospheric or soil conditions, and can even include areas like monitoring the movements of wildlife and their habitats. Development of resource constrained devices connected to the Internet also means that other applications like earthquake or tsunami early-warning systems can also be used by emergency services to provide more effective aid. IoT devices in this application typically span a large geographic area and can also be mobile.
Monitoring and controlling operations of urban and rural infrastructures like bridges, railway tracks, on- and offshore- wind-farms is a key application of the IoT. The IoT infrastructure can be used for monitoring any events or changes in structural conditions that can compromise safety and increase risk. It can also be utilized for scheduling repair and maintenance activities in an efficient manner, by coordinating tasks between different service providers and users of these facilities. IoT devices can also be used to control critical infrastructure like bridges to provide access to ships. Usage of IoT devices for monitoring and operating infrastructure is likely to improve incident management and emergency response coordination, and quality of service, up-times and reduce costs of operation in all infrastructure related areas. Even areas such as waste management stand to benefit from automation and optimization that could be brought in by the IoT.
Network control and management of manufacturing equipment, asset and situation management, or manufacturing process control bring the IoT within the realm on industrial applications and smart manufacturing as well. The IoT intelligent systems enable rapid manufacturing of new products, dynamic response to product demands, and real-time optimization of manufacturing production and supply chain networks, by networking machinery, sensors and control systems together. Digital control systems to automate process controls, operator tools and service information systems to optimize plant safety and security are within the purview of the IoT. But it also extends itself to asset management via predictive maintenance, statistical evaluation, and measurements to maximize reliability. Smart industrial management systems can also be integrated with the Smart Grid, thereby enabling real-time energy optimization. Measurements, automated controls, plant optimization, health and safety management, and other functions are provided by a large number of networked sensors.
Integration of sensing and actuation systems, connected to the Internet, is likely to optimize energy consumption as a whole. It is expected that IoT devices will be integrated into all forms of energy consuming devices (switches, power outlets, bulbs, televisions, etc.) and be able to communicate with the utility supply company in order to effectively balance power generation and energy usage. Such devices would also offer the opportunity for users to remotely control their devices, or centrally manage them via a cloud based interface, and enable advanced functions like scheduling (e.g., remotely powering on or off heating systems, controlling ovens, changing lighting conditions etc.). In fact, a few systems that allow remote control of electric outlets are already available in the market, e.g., Belkin's WeMo, Ambery Remote Power Switch, Budderfly, Telkonet's EcoGuard etc. Besides home based energy management, the IoT is especially relevant to the Smart Grid since it provides systems to gather and act on energy and power-related information in an automated fashion with the goal to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity. Using Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) devices connected to the Internet backbone, electric utilities can not only collect data from end-user connections, but also manage other distribution automation devices like transformers and reclosers.
IoT devices can be used to enable remote health monitoring and emergency notification systems. These health monitoring devices can range from blood pressure and heart rate monitors to advanced devices capable of monitoring specialized implants, such as pacemakers or advanced hearing aids. Specialized sensors can also be equipped within living spaces to monitor the health and general well-being of senior citizens, while also ensuring that proper treatment is being administered and assisting people regain lost mobility via therapy as well. Other consumer devices to encourage healthy living, such as, connected scales or wearable heart monitors, are also a possibility with the IoT. More and more end-to-end health monitoring IoT platform are coming up for antenatal and chronic patients, helping one manage health vitals and recurring medication requirements. Distinct advantages over similar products from the US and Europe are cost-effectiveness and personalisation for chronic patients. Doctors can monitor the health of their patients on their smartphones after the patient gets discharged from the hospital.
IoT devices can be used to monitor and control the mechanical, electrical and electronic systems used in various types of buildings (e.g., public and private, industrial, institutions, or residential). Home automation systems, like other building automation systems, are typically used to control lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, appliances, communication systems, entertainment and home security devices to improve convenience, comfort, energy efficiency, and security. Home automation and home security is also a major step forward when it comes to applying IoT. All these advances add to the numerous list of IoT applications. Now with IoT, you can control the electrical devices installed in your house while you are sorting out your files in office. Your water will be warm as soon as you get up in the morning for the shower. All credit goes to smart devices which make up the smart home. Everything connected with the help of Internet.
The IoT can assist in integration of communications, control, and information processing across various transportation systems. Application of the IoT extends to all aspects of transportation systems, i.e. the vehicle, the infrastructure, and the driver or user. Dynamic interaction between these components of a transport system enables inter and intra vehicular communication, smart traffic control, smart parking, electronic toll collection systems, logistic and fleet management, vehicle control, and safety and road assistance.
There are several planned or ongoing large-scale deployments of the IoT, to enable better management of cities and systems. For example, Songdo, South Korea, the first of its kind fully equipped and wired smart city, is near completion. Nearly everything in this city is planned to be wired, connected and turned into a constant stream of data that would be monitored and analyzed by an array of computers with little, or no human intervention. Another application is a currently undergoing project in Santander, Spain. For this deployment, two approaches have been adopted. This city of 180000 inhabitants, has already seen 18000 city application downloads for their smartphones. This application is connected to 10000 sensors that enable services like parking search, environmental monitoring, digital city agenda among others. City context information is utilized in this deployment so as to benefit merchants through a spark deals mechanism based on city behavior that aims at maximizing the impact of each notification. Other examples of large-scale deployments underway include the Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City; work on improving air and water quality, reducing noise pollution, and increasing transportation efficiency in San Jose, California; and smart traffic management in western Singapore. French company, Sigfox, commenced building an ultra-narrowband wireless data network in the San Francisco Bay Area in 2014, the first business to achieve such a deployment in the U.S. It subsequently announced it would set up a total of 4000 base stations to cover a total of 30 cities in the U.S. by the end of the 2016, making it the largest IoT network coverage provider in the country thus far. Another example of a large deployment is the one completed by New York Waterways in New York City to connect all their vessels and being able to monitor them live 24/7. The network was designed and engineered by Fluidmesh Networks, a Chicago-based company developing wireless networks for critical applications. The NYWW network is currently providing coverage on the Hudson River, East River, and Upper New York Bay. With the wireless network in place, NY Waterway is able to take control of its fleet and passengers in a way that was not previously possible. New applications can include security, energy and fleet management, digital signage, public Wi-Fi, paperless ticketing and others.